Renowned actress Roohi Bano passes away in Turkey

Renowned TV and film actress Roohi Bano passed away on Friday while undergoing treatment in Turkey, DawnNewsTV reported quoting family sources.

Bano had been admitted to a hospital in Istanbul on January 3, after which it was reported that she had suffered renal failure.

The former artist had been on ventilator for the past 10 past days, DawnNewsTV reported.

According to her Bano’s sister, Rubina, her family had travelled to Istanbul to accompany her during her last days.

Roohi Bano from her acting days. — File
Roohi Bano from her acting days. — File

She said a decision has not yet been made as to whether Bano’s body will be transported to Pakistan for burial or she will be laid to rest in Turkey.

Bano’s only son was murdered in Lahore in 2005, after which she had abandoned her career and led a reclusive life in Lahore.

The Pakistan National Council of Arts had a few years ago planned a documentary on the life and works of the troubled actress, once a household name for PTVviewers, but the project could not be executed.

Among the best acting talents that the country has produced, she was admitted to Lahore’s Fountain House in 2005 for treatment of schizophrenia.

Once upon a star

Roohi Bano, a versatile actress, had joined the TV fraternity when she was doing her MSc in psychology from the Government College, Lahore.

Her first television appearance was in a quiz show in her student days. Then Farooq Zamir offered her to act in plays. She accepted the offer while continuing her studies that culminated in a master’s degree in psychology.

Roohi married twice and also acted in a few films but television was where her heart was. Her outstanding performances in Qila KahaniZard GulabHairatkadaDarwazaKiran Kahani, etc., placed her head and shoulders above her counterparts.

Dawn

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Agrarian economy: Experts urge industry status for agriculture sector

LAHORE: Panelists at the Express Forum said the agriculture sector should be declared an industry, in accordance with Section 5 of the Factories Act 1934. They added that the Minimum Wages Ordinance 1969 should also be extended to the sector.

Adviser to Chief Minister on Agriculture Sardar Abdul Haye Dasti, women’s activist Begum Mehnaz Rafi, human rights activist Mumtaz Mughal and Abdullah Malik were the panelists. The session was moderated by Ahsan Kamray. The panelist highlighted the condition of the agriculture sector in Pakistan and said 75% of the population was linked to it. Dasti said the government was working hard to uplift the agriculture sector as it would help achieve the target of 10 million jobs.

“We are combining education, research and awareness under one umbrella so that we can make good policies,” he said. “The last government spent billions of rupees on various projects, but the result was zero.”

He said the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf’s (PTI) government was launching projects that would benefit the agriculture sector. “Urea prices have been reduced. Duties on the import of machinery have also been waived which will benefit farmers.” “Women play a major role in agriculture production, sowing, weeding, livestock rearing and running cottage industries as well as in post-harvest operations such as threshing, winnowing, drying, grinding, husking and storage,” he highlighted.

Women’s activist Begum Mehnaz Rafi said the agriculture sector should be declared and notified as an industry, in accordance with Section 5 of the Factories Act 1934. The section empowers the labour and human resource department to notify the agriculture sector as an industry.

“To enhance the capacity for policymaking on relevant regulatory and legal issues, such as land tenure, water governance, food safety, seed certification, adaptation of international standards and agreements into the national systems, strengthening food safety and quality control and management system, there is a dire need to collect sex and gender disaggregated data to address the gender disparity faced by agrarian women workers in Punjab.”

She said the social protection of women working in agriculture activities could be ensured through their registration with Punjab Social Protection Authority and they should gradually be covered under PESSI and EOBI.

Speaking on the occasion, Mumtaz Mughal said Minimum Wages (for unskilled workers) Ordinance, 1969 should be extended to the agriculture sector through a notification by the government. “Collective bargaining is an important means to improve wages, working conditions, safety and health of agricultural workers,” she said.

Speaking on the occasion, Abdullah Malik said a mass awareness campaign should be conducted on laws for women empowerment and their implementation through helplines or women’s police help desks.

The Express Tribune

‘Let your daughters pursue their dreams’

KARACHI: “I’ve never worked for rewards or money. I work for honour,” said Major General Shehla Baqai of Pakistan Army during her keynote address at the day-long 9th International Women Leaders Summit held at a local hotel on Thursday.

As an army doctor and gynaecologist, she said that “when women survive, nations thrive.”

Remembering her student days at the Army Medical College, she said that there used to be only 10 per cent female students and 90pc male students. “But the tables are turning now. In fact they have a 40pc quota system in place now for male students. Otherwise there would be very few male doctors in the Army,” she shared.

International Women Leaders Summit held where women from different walks of life shared their successes

“The glass ceiling is all about the mindset. You set your own barriers but the sky is the limit,” she said, with a message for the parents of girls. “Don’t dictate. Let your daughters pursue their dreams and they will reach for the stars.”

Another keynote speaker, former governor of the State Bank of Pakistan Dr Shamshad Akhtar said that she grew up in the 1970s when putting a crack in or breaking the glass ceiling was harder. “We didn’t even get any mentoring. We stumbled and got up and stumbled and got up again. It was survival of the fittest,” she said.

But in the position of the governor of the SBP, she said that she was not even for a single day identified for her gender. She was identified for her work and potential. “I was seen and respected like a governor,” she was glad to report. “Still,” she said, “as women grow in careers, they do experience the glass ceiling. While hearing good stories about their success I also hear about their pain. So as entrepreneurs, I suggest you sit with them and talk to them to know about the things which are not so visible or on the surface,” she said.

A panel discussion next moderated by ophthalmologist Dr Mahnaz N. Shah saw her putting questions to male chief executive and chief operating officers about what they were doing to bring gender parity into their companies. Abrar Hasan of National Foods said that they needed to introduce progressive policies for women to feel secure in the workplace. “You need to create an environment where they can feel secure,” he said, adding that they have included a day care centre in their new office. He also said that companies needed to benchmark salaries with positions, not gender. “That’s how you create an enabling environment,” he said.

Aamir Niazi of HRSG started with an inspirational story about his grandfather who returned from England in 1903 after completing his education from Cambridge University and then after getting `married he encouraged his wife to also go to Cambridge for her tripos in English literature. Then his own mother after having his two older siblings volunteered for the Red Cross for two years. “I grew up with such behaviours, values and ethos around me to establish my own thinking for we are after all a product of our environment. The walls are everywhere but it is not mission impossible to break those walls,” he said.

Sagheer Mufti of HBL said that he felt that men were “idiots” when it came to emotional intelligence while women were champions at it. “They need to learn how to be open-minded and informed. You need that for open communication,” he said.

Later, Amena Arif, IFC country head for Sri Lanka and Maldives said that being a woman was her super power. “I am not aggressive but I need to be strong to survive in a male-dominated society,” she said, while also adding a bit of advice for her fellow women, which was not listening to advice. “You may advised to not wear dark lipstick, to wear this or that kind of clothes. Do not listen to such advice. Do whatever you are comfortable with. You need to be authentic and genuine. You need to be who you are. How you feel, how comfortable you are shows how you come across to people,” she said.

Consul General of Italy in Karachi Anna Ruffino said that she was surprised to be told to denounce her family when she had aired her wish to be a diplomat. “I was also told not to expect my husband to give up his job to move around the world with me. It was funny to be expected to choose between your career and your family if you are a woman. But it is just a mindset,” she said, adding that there was no imbalance of genders in diplomatic circles.

Group Captain Mirat Ul Ain Azizi of the Pakistan Air Force said that she stands with her head held high because she has learned to not back out in the face of adversity. “My dear ladies,” she said, “no one will come and give you strength. Find it within yourself, for it was always there,” she said.

Dr Mariam Noman, CEO of Capital Sports, Sialkot, a physician who joined her father’s business, spoke about how she helped women entrepreneurs in Sialkot realise their worth to get ahead and do more. Dr Rana El-Akhai, MD Medal Consultancy, Jordan, shared some lessons she had to learn the hard way while climbing her ladder.

Syeda Sarwat Gillani, brand ambassador for Special Olympics Pakistan, special gold medallist swimmer Farah Vohra, Inga Legasova of Remiling Co Ltd, also spoke.

Dawn

Paternity Leave and Gender Discrimination

The Federal Government revised paternity leave for expectant fathers by extending it to 10 days. According to the notification so issued, male employees of the Federal Government serving on a regular basis can avail paternity leave with full pay and allowances. Though, the said reform was hailed by media commentators and human rights activists terming it as a step towards gender equality. However, the concerned Minister, Dr. Shireen Mazari, to much dismay, clarified that, currently, the paternal leave policy only applied to the employees of the National Commission on Status of Women and that its application to all departments of the Federal Government was still a work in progress. While the aforementioned notification lacks substance, it has sparked the much-needed debate about paternity leave and its place in the social structure of Pakistan.

Paternity and maternity leaves are the two components of parental leave. Parental leave has been available as a legal right in various countries for many years, in one form or another. In 2014, the International Labor Organization reviewed parental leave policies in 185 countries and territories and found that all countries except Papua New Guinea have laws mandating some form of parental leave. However, there is a huge discrepancy when one compares the countries which allow maternity leave to those which allow paternity leave. A 2013 study examined 186 countries and found out that 96% offered some compensation to mothers during maternity leave, but only 81 out of those 186 countries offered the same compensation to fathers on paternity leave. In my opinion, these statistics are inter alia an effect as well as a cause of gender discrimination.

Gender discrimination is a phenomenon that still plagues economic, social, domestic and other spheres of the society. In the domestic sphere, it is incorrectly assumed that since a woman is the one bearing the child, it is also her responsibility to rear one. Therefore, states are more responsive to provide paid/unpaid leaves to mothers while not extending the same benefits to fathers. While this phenomenon itself is a product of patriarchy, it has also contributed to strengthening the same. If the employer has the option to choose among a male or female employee and there is obligation of paid/unpaid maternity leave, other things being equal, a rational employer will choose a male employee. In case of male employee, the employer can avoid a number of costs: paid maternity leave, loss due to absence of woman from the work force and the risk that the woman will not join the workforce again and the employer will have to hire and train a new person. The neoclassical model will therefore predict gender discrimination in workforce and this prediction is visible if one analyzes the gender makeup of any workforce.

Additionally, the provision of maternity leave in few sectors and not others will lead to occupational sex segregation. This means that if one sector grants generous maternity leave, other things being equal, prospective mothers will prefer to work in that sector. Overtime, women will be concentrated in one sector and men in another. Among other things, this will eliminate diversity in occupations, a value we as society want to preserve and has innumerable benefits.

States should use parental leave policies to reduce gender inequality. If the state makes it mandatory for employers to grant paid paternity leave alongside paid maternity leave, the neoclassical model will predict that it will reduce gender discrimination in labour market. A rational employer while choosing between a male and female employee, will not take into account the cost of parental leave since it will remain same in both cases. There is a positive correlation between gender neutral parental leave and gender equality that substantiates the aforementioned neoclassical prediction. The Scandinavian countries were the first ones to actively push for gender neutral parental leave. As evidenced by different gender equality indexes, the same countries are at the top of these indexes. Consequently, a gender-neutral approach will effectively target occupational segregation which otherwise is a direct implication of the gender disparity in parental leave.

Alongside these market benefits, a gender neutral parental leave will also break stereotypes. In many societies, these are the women who play major role in the upbringing of children. Men don’t take much part in parental obligations. These factors strengthen the notion that women are naturally suited for rearing children. Therefore, women are the ones who need to choose between career and children and are expected to choose the later. Gender neutral parental leave policies will make a statement that it is not the woman who is solely responsible for parental obligations, but in fact, these obligations need to be equally shared by both man and woman. The equal participation by both mother and father will also lead to a healthier and balanced psychological growth of the children.

Increasing the number of days for a maternal leave will only reinforce stereotypical notions of gender and institute greater segregation in jobs. In view of an overarching goal of gender equality, the concerned Ministry of Pakistan should make parental leave gender neutral and make it mandatory across the board in public as well as private institutions.

The Nation